You probably heard about the ’2D:4D finger ratio’ (digit ratio), which has widely been recognized as a measure for prenatal hormonal life.  Over the past years quite a few studies have revealed that this ratio between the pointer finger (2D) and the ring finger (4D) represents e.g. a correlation with various aspects of human behavior. But how about the other fingers and their ratios? An introduction about the key-role of the pinky finger (5th finger).

So far, out of the hundreds of finger-length-studies published so far, only a couple of those have been focussed on other fingers as well.

 Interestingly, the pinky finger has turned out often to play a key-role in the most significant results. A quick overview of some issues to remember:

• De Bruin et al. (2011) found that a high 3D:5D ratio (= relatively short pinky finger) may reveal a clue that correlates with psychopathology. The 3D:5D ratio in boys and in girls was positively associated with scores on Externalizing Problems. Further, in girls only, the 3D:5D ratio was positively correlated to scores on Internalizing Problems.

• McFadden & Bracht (2009) found that the largest effect sizes related to sexe differences (males versus females) were demonstrated in ratios that involved the pinky finger.

• Gosh (2005) found that pinky finger ratio may reveal a personality clue related to the dimensions Neuroticism & Psychoticism: a tip ending below the interphalangeal crease of the ring finger (4th finger) correlates in men & women with high scores on Neuroticism & Psychoticism.

• Wolff (1951) found that both an extraordinary short pinky finger and an extraordinary long pinky finger is often seen in schizophrenia. 

Additionally, one should also be aware that beyond the length of the pinky finger, quite a few other dimensions of the 5th finger (incl. clinodactyly) have been associated with various types of  medical- and neurological disorders – such as: autism. Which makes the pinky finger an important aspect to be considered in the perspective of Multi-Perspective Palm Reading.

Many more details are presented in the article:
Do not underestimate your little finger!

Sclerodactly: thickening of the dorsal skin a very significant hand sign for the hand in Diabetes Mellitus – type 1.

- THE TOP 10 HAND SIGNS FOR RECOGNIZING DIABETES MELLITUS – TYPE 1 -

This TOP 10 is composed from a list of 34 hand signs for Diabetes Mellitus; the hand signs are ranked by Log Odds Ratio – which are calculated from the prevalence (%) among Diabetics & controls.

1 – Sclerodactyly: thick, waxy/hardening skin on back of the hand [Log Odds Ratio = +4.58]
2 – Fingerprints: radial loop on pinky [Log Odds Ratio = +3.16]
3 – Fingerprints: radial loop on ringfinger [Log Odds Ratio = +3.09]
4 – Neuropathy: loss of function: movement / sensation (Tinel’s sign, Phalen’s test, preacher sign / prayer sign, limited joint mobility) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.98]
5 – Pink patches on back of the hand / fingers (granuloma annulare lesions) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.73]
6 – Shiny patches, first: red-brown & painless, later: yellow & ulceration (necrobiosis lipoidica) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.71]
7 – Little skin pebbles on back of the hand / fingers (Huntley’s papules) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.64]
8 – Locked finger, a.k.a. ‘trigger finger’ (stenosing tenosynovitis) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.50]
9 – Palm ridges: high density on hypothenar [Log Odds Ratio = +2.50]
10 - Palm: radial arch on hypothenar [Log Odds Ratio = + 2.47]

‘Scerodactly’ (= localized thickening of the skin on the fingers: see the photo above & below) is listed as the most significant hand sign in diabetes mellitus type 1 (= insuline dependent diabetes) - according the log odds ratio statistics. And it is interesting to notice here that 4 of the 10 hand signs relate to the skin of the hand (see hand signs 1, 5, 6 and 7), including one that relates to the nails (hand sign 4).

NOTICE: In the field of medical dermatology the nails are perceived as being a part of the skin!

Additionally, studies have shown that skin abnormalties in diabetes become very signficant when these are also featured by motoric problems.

And it is fascinating to notice that these TOP 10 hand signs significant for Diabetes Mellitus – type 1 is a mix of hand features that relate to both the palm (5 hand signs) and fingers (7 hand signs) – hand sign five and seven relates to both the palm and the fingers.

And these 10 hand signs also relate to five of the seven perspectives described by Multi-Perspective Palm Reading, including: the skin quality of the hand (4 hand signs), fingerprints & palmar dermatoglyphics (4 hand signs), hand motorics (2 hand signs).

The ‘prayer sign’ is a very significant hand sign for the hand in Diabetes Mellitus – type 2.

- THE TOP 10 HAND SIGNS FOR RECOGNIZING DIABETES MELLITUS - TYPE 2 -

This TOP 10 is composed from a list of 34 hand signs for Diabetes Mellitus – type 2, and the hand signs are ranked by Log Odds Ratio – which are calculated from the prevalence (%) among Diabetics & controls.

1 - Neuropathy: loss of function: movement / sensation (Tinel’s sign, Phalen’s test, preacher sign / prayer sign, limited joint mobility) [Log Odds Ratio = +3.36]
2 - Fingerprints: radial loop on pinky [Log Odds Ratio = +3.16]
3 - Fingerprints: radial loop on ringfinger [Log Odds Ratio = +3.09]
4 - Half white, half pink nails (Terry’s nails) [Log Odds Ratio = +3.09]
5 - Pink patches on back of the hand / fingers (granuloma annulare lesions)  [Log Odds Ratio = +2.73]
6 - Shiny patches, first: red-brown & painless, later: yellow & ulceration (necrobiosis lipoidica) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.71]
7 - Little skin pebbles on back of the hand / fingers (Huntley’s papules) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.64]
8 - Locked finger, a.k.a. ‘trigger finger’ (stenosing tenosynovitis) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.50]
9 - Palm: radial arch on hypothenar [Log Odds Ratio = +2.28]
10 - Simian line [Log Odds Ratio = +2.24]

The so-called ‘prayer sign’ (or ‘preacher sign’: see the photos above & below) is listed as the most significant sign according the log odds ratio statistics. And it is interesting to notice here that 4 of the 10 hand signs relate to the skin of the hand (see hand signs 5, 6 and 7), including one that relates to the nails (hand sign 4) – NOTICE: In the field of medical dermatology the nails are perceived as being a part of the skin! 

Additionally, studies have shown that skin abnormalties become very signficant when these are also featured by motoric problems.

And it is fascinating to notice that these TOP 10 hand signs significant for Diabetes Mellitus – type 2 [= non-insuline dependent diabetes] is a mix of hand features that relate to both the palm (8 hand signs) and fingers (4 hand signs) – hand sign five and seven relate to both the palm and the fingers.

And these 10 hand signs also relate to five of the seven perspectives described by Multi-Perspective Palm Reading, including: the skin quality of the hand (3 hand signs), fingerprints & palmar dermatoglyphics (3 hand signs), hand motorics (2 hand signs), primary lines (1 hand sign), fingernails (1 hand sign).

A phantom picture for the hand in schizophrenia.

- THE TOP 10 HAND SIGNS FOR RECOGNIZING SCHIZOPHRENIA -

This TOP 10 is composed from a list of 37 hand signs for Schizophrenia, and the hand signs are ranked by Log Odds Ratio – which are calculated from the prevalence (%) among Schizophrenics & controls.

1 - Excessive accessory creases [Log Odds Ratio = +3.40]
2 - Pinky: imobility (ankylosis)  [Log Odds Ratio = +3.02]
3 - Lack of expression / rigid expression [Log Odds Ratio = +2.77]
4 - Nail fold plexus visibility [Log Odds Ratio = +2.74]
5 - Sydney line [Log Odds Ratio = +2.45]
6 - Nails: small & underdeveloped (rudimentary) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.43]
7 - Chaotic arrangement of secundary creases [Log Odds Ratio = +2.32]
8 – Simian crease [Log Odds Ratio = +2.27]
9 - Atypical handedness [Log Odds Ratio = +1.80]
10 - Nails: excessively curved outwards (hyperconcex nails) [Log Odds Ratio = +1.74]

It is interesting to notice here that 4 of the 10 hand signs relate to the fingertips (see hand signs 1, 4, 6 and 10). And additionally 4 of the 10 hand signs relate to the hand lines.

And it is fascinating to notice that these TOP 10 hand signs significant for Schizophrenia is a mix of hand features that relate to both the palm (5 hand signs) and fingers (6 hand signs) – hand sign one relates to both the palm and the fingers.

And these 10 hand signs also relate to five of the seven perspectives described by Multi-Perspective Palm Reading, including: the primary, secundary- & accessory lines (4 hand signs), fingernails & nailfold (3 hand sign), hand motorics (2 hand sign), and morphology (1 hand sign).

A pair of hands of a female person who has Fragile-X syndrome.

- THE TOP 10 HAND SIGNS FOR RECOGNIZING FRAGILE-X SYNDROME -

This TOP 10 is composed from a list of 34 hand signs for Fragile-X syndrome, and the hand signs are ranked by Log Odds Ratio – which are calculated from the prevalence (%) among people who have Fragile-X syndrome & controls.

1 - Sydney line [Log Odds Ratio = +3.63]
2 - Ridge line A: ends btw. finger 5 & heart line [Log Odds Ratio = + 3.44]
3 - Triradius b: missing (or ridge line B is ‘abortive’) [Log Odds Ratio = +3.32]
4 - Fingerprints: radial loop on thumb [Log Odds Ratio = +3.28]
5 - Ridge line C: ‘abortive’ [end close to triradius c] [Log Odds Ratio = +3.22]
6 - Simian crease [Log Odds Ratio = +3.08]
7 - Double-jointed thumbs (hypermobility) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.73]
8 - Fingerprints: arch on ring finger [Log Odds Ratio = +2.24]
9 - Fingerprints: arch on pinky finger (in males only) [Log Odds Ratio = +2.14]
10 - Palmar triradius d: missing [Log Odds Ratio = +2.10]

It is interesting to notice here that 7 of the 10 hand signs relate to the upper half of the hand (the zone below the finger + the fingerprints), and additionally the major palmar lines (head line & heart line often manifest as a simian crease or Sydney line) play a significant role.

And it is fascinating to notice that these TOP 10 hand signs significant for Fragile-X syndrome is a mix of hand features that relate to both the palm (7 hand signs) and fingers (3 hand signs).

And these 10 hand signs also relate to five of the seven perspectives described by Multi-Perspective Palm Reading, including: the dermatoglyphics (7 hand signs), major palmar lines (2 hand signs), and hand motorics (1 hand sign).

NOTICE: At a later moment a likewise TOP 10 will be presented for hand signs that are indicative for autism – about 3% of people who have autism also have fragile-X syndrome!

A pair of hands of a person who has Down syndrome.

- THE TOP 10 HAND SIGNS FOR RECOGNIZING DOWN SYNDROME -

This TOP 10 is composed from a list of 27 hand signs for Down syndrome, and the hand signs are ranked by Log Odds Ratio – which are  calculated from the prevalence (%) among Down syndrome patients & controls.

1 – Single crease on pinky finger [Log Odds Ratio = +4.87]
2 - Ridge line A ends above heart line [Log Odds Ratio = +4.07]
3 - AtD angle is 57 degrees or higher [Log Odds Ratio = +3.96]
4 - Hyperflexible finger joints [Log Odds Ratio = +3.58]
5 - Multiple palmar zones: ridge dissociation [Log Odds Ratio = +3.18]
6 - Large ulnar loops on hypothenar [Log Odds Ratio = +3.02]
7 - Simian crease [Log Odds Ratio = +2.69]
9 - Brachydactly [Log Odds Ratio = +2.50]
8 - Fingerprint: radial loop on ring finger [Log Odds Ratio = +2.46]
10 - Three or more triradii on the hypothenar [Log Odds Ratio = +2.32]

It is interesting to notice here that 4 of the 10 hand signs relate to the palmar hypothenar (‘mount of Moon’ in the fields of palmistry), and additionally the majority of these hand signs relate to the ulnar side of the hand (hypothenar + the pinky and ring finger).

And it is fascinating to notice that these TOP 10 hand signs significant for Down syndrome is a mix of hand features that relate to both the palm (6 hand signs) and fingers (4 hand signs).

And these 10 hand signs also relate to five of the seven perspectives described by Multi-Perspective Palm Reading, including: the dermatoglyphics (5 hand signs), palmar lines & interphalangeal creases (2 hand signs), finger morphology (1 hand sign), motorics (1 hand sign), and skin quality (1 hand sign).

How to recognize a good book about Palm Reading? Asking the experts in the fields of hand reading may result in completely different choices! But the sales statistics provides by Amazon provide an objective measure for the popularity of books about palm reading, hand analysis & palmistry.

The Palmistry Books TOP 100 presents an overview of the most popular books in the fields of palm reading, hand analysis, chirology, hand reading, palmistry, chiromancy, chirognomy, etc.

But not all books are written professional palm readers: quite a few of the most popular books have been written by authors who also write about many other topics!

NOTICE: The rankings are based on statistics provided by Amazon. In february 2011 presented a new ranking system and with a few weeks the first new update will be presented based on their new ranking system (the new average Amazon Bestsellers Rank was preceeded by the fomer Amazon Sales Rank). Afterwards the stats will be updated regularly – about twice a year.

 
CHECK OUT THE RANKINGS OF THE BOOKS TOP 100 AT:
http://www.handresearch.com/book/palmistry-books-top-100-palm-reading.htm

AN OVERVIEW OF BOOKS THAT ARE USEFUL FOR APPLYING THE RULES OF MULTI-PERSPECTIVE PALM READING IS AVAILABLE HERE:

http://www.multiperspectivepalmreading.com/palm-reading-books.htm

 Palm reading is often described as is the art of characterization (popular in Western countries) & foretelling (popular in Eastern countries) the future through the study of the hands – via especially the palmar lines & signs. However, the truth is that palm reading is a much more diverse field than people usually assume. The service provided by a palm reader may differ significiantly!

The Palmistry Websites TOP 100 presents an overview of the most popular websites in the fields of palm reading, hand analysis, chirology, hand reading, palmistry, chiromancy, chirognomy, etc. All websites are presented by professional & amateur palm readers!

NOTICE: The rankings are based on internet statistics provided by Google (Page Rank), SeoMoz (Page Authority) & Alexa (Reach), and the stats are updated regularly – about twice a year. 

 Including the rankings for each of the six continents!

CHECK OUT THE RANKINGS OF THE TOP 100 AT:
http://www.handresearch.com/top100/palmistry-top-100.htm

The full Korean article is available at nature.com; the ABSTRACT of the article presents the following formula to determine penis length from the digit ratio:

Stretched penile length=−9.201×digit ratio + 20.577

NOTICE: Proper finger ratio measurement is a first requirement to ‘test’ this formula – see the picture above!

Be aware: according the ‘Penis Size World Statistics‘, Asians – and especially Koreans - are not known for having a large phallus, so this formula could very well be worthless for Westerns and…  especially Africans! Also, despite that the Korean statistics are impressive (stretched penis length is significant for 2D:4D ratio at p<0.01) the results do not indicate that this finding can be applied reliably to any man.

 By the way, the idea that 2D:4D finger length ratio is linked with penis size is not surprizing at all. Because Professor Manning himself had already speculated about that a low 2D:4D digit ratio would probably corelate with longer penile length (in his 2nd book: ‘The Finger Book‘, page 10). 

So far no studies had been available for this topic! – Though other studies had already unvealed that body height & finger length correlate significantly with penis length (which was confirmed again in the Korean study). But the results indicate that regarding predicting penis lenght, finger length ratio outperforms other body lenght measures!

Now, can ‘digit ratio’ predict infidelity? – The answer was discussed in 2010 at the Dr. Phil Show!

The 2D:4D digit ratio became known as a prenatal hormonal marker, which provides a clue about the amount of testosterone and oestrogen to which each foetus has been exposed to in the womb.

This explains why the 2D: 4D digit ratio became a popular research tool among sciencitific researchers: because it provides an opportunity to study the role of prenatal hormones in the etiology of e.g. diseases & other human traits. Often the results of such studies have been ‘mis-qualified’ by reviewers & journalists as an effort to re-invent palm reading.

However,  sometimes the results have been impressive… and surprizingly some researchers even have started speculating about ‘practical’ applications for the 2D:4D digit ratio.

DIGIT RATIO & PROSTATE CANCER:

 An example of a study where the results have been very impressive concerns a 2010 British study, titled: ‘Hand Pattern indicates Prostate Cancer Risk‘.

The researchers described:

“A protective effect of a high 2D : 4D hand pattern on prostate cancer risk was observed. High 2D : 4D hand pattern may be the marker of low prenatal androgenic activity, suggesting the importance of hormone modulation in utero on prostate cancer risk. Hand pattern might represent a simple marker for prostate cancer risk, particularly in men age under 60 years.”

And they mentioned in the abstract of the published article:

“Compared with index finger shorter than ring finger (low 2D : 4D), men with index finger longer than ring finger (high 2D : 4D) showed a negative association, suggesting a protective effect with a 33% risk reduction.”

DIGIT RATIO & MULTI-PERSPECTIVE PALM READING:

Since the British study confirmed the results of a Korean study that was presented in 2010, the impressive (confirming) results raise the question: can these results can be used in Multi-Perspective Palm Reading?

Interestingly, in 2009 a study from Nigeria has suggested that fingerprints & palmar dermatoglyphics as well appear to display clues for prostate cancer. And in 2010 a more extended report has been published: ‘The Study of Palmar Dermatoglyphics and Cancer‘ (2010).

And because many other hand markers have been identified as significant in the perspective of the hand in cancer (including e.g.: fingernails, skin characteristics), it appears just a matter of time before scientific researchers will start studying the 2D:4D digit ratio combined with other prenatal body markers or minor physical anomalies related to the hand.